Methodology
Indicators
- Research and Development Inputs (RDI)
- Risk Capital and Entrepreneurial Infrastructure (RCI)
- Human Capital Investment (HCI)
- Technology and Science Workforce (TSW)
- Technology Concentration and Dynamism (TCD)
| Research and Development Inputs (RDI) | Source | Year |
| Federal R&D Funding (per capita) | NSF, National Patterns of R&D Resources, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | 2018-2020 |
| Industry R&D Funding (per capita) | NSF, National Patterns of R&D Resources, Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey | 2017-2019 |
| Academic R&D Funding (per capita) | NSF, National Patterns of R&D Resources, Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| National Science Foundation Funding per $100,000 of GSP | NSF, Budget Internet Information System | 2019-2021 |
| National Science Foundation Research Funding per 100,000 of GSP | NSF, Budget Internet Information System | 2019-2021 |
| R&D Expenditures on Engineering per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| R&D Expenditures on Physical Sciences per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| R&D Expenditures on Geological Sciences per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| R&D Expenditures on Computer and Information Science per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| R&D Expenditures on Life Sciences per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| R&D Expenditures on Math and Statistics per Capita | NSF, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges/Higher Education Research and Development Survey | 2018-2020 |
| Average Annual Number of STTR Awards per 10,000 Business Establishments (Phase 1) | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Average Annual Number of STTR Awards per 10,000 Business Establishments (Phase 2) | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Average STTR Award Dollars per $1 Million of GSP | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Average Annual Number of SBIR Awards per 10,000 Business Establishments (Phase 1) | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Average Annual Number of SBIR Awards per 10,000 Business Establishments (Phase 2) | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Average SBIR Award Dollars per $1 Million of GSP | SBA, SBIR, STTR | 2018-2020 |
| Competitive NSF Proposal Funding Rate | NSF, Budget Internet Information System | 2019-2021 |
| Risk Capital and Entrepreneurial Infrastructure (RCI) | Source | Year |
| Total Venture Capital Investment Growth | Pitchbook, NVCA, Venture Monitor Report | 2019-2021 |
| VC Deals per 10,000 Business Establishments | Pitchbook, NVCA, Venture Monitor Report | 2019-2021 |
| Deal Growth of VC Investment | Pitchbook, NVCA, Venture Monitor Report | 2019-2021 |
| Venture Capital Investment as Percent of GSP | Pitchbook, NVCA, Venture Monitor Report | 2019-2021 |
| SBIC Funds Disbursed per $1,000 of GSP | SBA Small Business Investment Company Program (Financings to Businesses by State report) | 2019-2021 |
| Patents Issued per 100,000 People | USPTO, Patent Technology Monitoring Team | 2018-2020 |
| Business Starts per 100,000 People | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Average IPO Proceeds as Percent of GSP | Pitchbook | 2019-2021 |
| Average VC Investment in Nanotechnology as Percent of GSP | Pitchbook | 2019-2021 |
| Average VC Investment in Clean Technology/Green Technology as Percent of GSP | Pitchbook | 2019-2021 |
| Average VC Investment in Biotechnology per $1,000 of GSP | Pitchbook | 2019-2021 |
| Human Capital Investment (HCI) | Source | Year |
| Percentage of Population with Bachelor's Degrees or Higher | American Community Survey 5-year estimates | 2017-2019 |
| Percentage of Population with Advanced Degrees | American Community Survey 5-year estimates | 2017-2019 |
| Percentage of Population with PhDs | American Community Survey 5-year estimates | 2017-2019 |
| Graduate Students in Sci & Eng & Health per 1,000 people | NSF-NIH, Survey of Graduate Students & Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | 2018-2020 |
| Per Capita State Spending on Student Aid | National Association of State Student Grant & Aid Programs Annual Fiscal Report | 2018-2020 |
| Average Evidence-Based Reading and Writing SAT Scores | College Board | 2019-2021 |
| Average Math SAT Scores | College Board | 2019-2021 |
| Average ACT Scores | ACT | 2019-2021 |
| State Appropriations for Higher Education (per capita) | Illinois State University, SHEEO, Grapevine | 2019-2021 |
| Percent Change in State Appropriations for Higher Education | Illinois State University, SHEEO, Grapevine | 2019-2021 |
| Doctoral Scientists per 100,000 People | NSF, Survey of Doctorate Recipients | 2019 |
| Doctoral Engineers per 100,000 People | NSF, Survey of Doctorate Recipients | 2019 |
| Science, Engineering, and Health PhDs Awarded | NSF, Survey of Doctorate Recipients | 2018-2020 |
| Percentage of Bachelor's Degrees in Science and Engineering per 100,000 People | IPEDS, Completions Survey | 2019 |
| Recent Bachelor's Degree in Science and Engineering per 100,000 People | IPEDS, Completions Survey | 2017-2019 |
| Recent Master's Degree in Science and Engineering per 100,000 people | IPEDS, Completions Survey | 2017-2019 |
| Recent PhD Degree in Science and Engineering per 100,000 People | NSF, Survey of Earned Doctorates | 2018-2020 |
| Recent Degrees in Science and Engineering per 100,000 People | IPEDS, Completions Survey | 2017-2019 |
| Percentage of Households with Computers | American Community Survey 5-year estimates | 2017-2019 |
| Percentage of Households with Broadband Access | American Community Survey 5-year estimates | 2017-2019 |
| Tech and Science Workforce (TSW) | Source | Year |
| Intensity of Computer and Information Research Scientists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Systems Analysts per 1,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Information Security Analysts per 1,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Programmers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Software Developers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Web Developers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Database Administrators per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Network and Computer Systems Administrators per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Network Architects per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer User Support Specialists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Network Support Specialists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Occupations, All Other per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Operations Research Analysts per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Statisticians per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Data Scientists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Aerospace Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Biomedical Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Chemical Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Civil Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Computer Hardware Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Electrical Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Environmental Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Industrial Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Materials Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Mechanical Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Nuclear Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Petroleum Engineers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Engineers, All Other per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Soil and Plant Scientists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Biochemists and Biophysicists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Microbiologists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Biological Scientists, All Other per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Epidemiologists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Life Scientists, All Other per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Physicists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Atmospheric and Space Scientists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Chemists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Materials Scientists per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Physical Scientists, All Other per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Food Science Technicians per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Biological Technicians per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Chemical Technicians per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Intensity of Nuclear Technicians per 100,000 Workers | Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics | 2019-2021 |
| Technology Concentration and Dynamism (TCD) | Source | Year |
| Percent of Establishments in High-Tech NAICS Codes | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Percent of Employment in High-Tech NAICS Codes | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Percent of Payroll in High-Tech NAICS Codes | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Net Formation of High-Tech Establishments per 10,000 Establishments | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Number of Technology Fast 500 Companies per 10,000 Establishments | Deloitte Fast 500 Technology | 2019-2021 |
| Average Yearly Employment Growth of High-Tech Industries | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2017-2020 |
| Number of High-Tech Industries with LQs Higher Than 1.0 | US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns | 2018-2020 |
| Number of Inc. 500 Companies per 10,000 Establishments | Inc. Magazine | 2019-2021 |
State Technology and Science Index
© 2022 Milken Institute
1250 4th Street
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Phone: (310) 570-4600
© 2022 Milken Institute
1250 4th Street
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Phone: (310) 570-4600
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